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Inthaviyu – Tshaka na Tsumbo: Tshivenda Grammar

Inthaviyu – Tshaka na Tsumbo: Tshivenda Grammar

Inthaviyu ya u ṅwala

Kha ulu lushaka lwa inthaviyu ndi hune muthu a tou fhindula mbudziso nga u tou ṅwala madzuloni a u tou amba. Muvhudzisi u vha o lugisa mbudziso dzine dza ḓo fhindulwa nga u tou ṅwala.

  • Mbudziso dzine dza vhudziswa dzi vhe dzi ṱokonyaho dza ita uri muthu a ṋee phindulo nga vhuḓalo.
  • Madzina a muambi a vhe kha tshanḓa tsha monde.
  • Ni shumise mutaladzi muswa u sumbedza muambi muswa.
  • Inthaviyu ya u ṅwala i tou vha muṅwalululo na zwino ndi zwine zwa tea u itea hafha:

Inthaviyu dza u edzisela dzi nga dzhia tshitaela tsha maanea a u anetshela. Musi vhagudi vha tshi ṅwalulula inthaviyu vha ṱavhanya u kona u fhambanyisa luambo lwa Tshivenḓa lwa u amba na lwa u ṅwala nahone vha dovha vha tumbula uri u ṋekedza inthaviyu i vhaleaho zwi kwama u ṱola zwe wa ṅwala nga vhuronwane. Heyi ndi yone ndeme ya u ṅwalisa vhagudi inthaviyu, hu si zwi re ngomu fhedzi.

Tsumbo ya inthaviyu (Interview Example)

Iyi ndi inthaviyu ya vhukati ha Tendani wa gurannḓa ya Phosakufa na Sana ane o no vha na miṅwaha ya fumimbili a tshi khou tshila na tshitzhili tsha HIV.

[Ndi ofisini ya Muvhuya, hune Tendani a khou mu inthaviwa hone. ]

Mukundi: No vuwa hani namusi?

Murangi: Ndo takala nga maanḓa.

Mukundi: No zwi ḓivha lini uri no kavhiwa nga tshitzhili tsha HIV.

Murangi: Ndo zwi wanulusa miṅwaha ya malo ya fhiraho …eh nga 2005.

Mukundi: No ḓi pfa hani musi vha tshi kwasha mukumbu.

Murangi: Sa muthu nuṅwe na muṅwe ndo vha ndo tshuwa na u ḓaḓa, nda vhona vhutshilo hanga ho swika magumoni. Tshe nda vhona ha vha lufu phanḓa hanga. Ndi livhuwa dokotela we musi a tshi mmbona ndo vhilingana ngauralo a dzula a amba na nṋe.

Mukundi: U bva afho ho itea mini?

Murangi: Ndo vha na thaidzo ya uri zwino ndi yo vhudza nnyi na hone ndi yo a thoma fhi? Fhedzi ndi tshee kha nḓaḓo yenei, ndo mbo ḓi humbula uri ndi vhudze khonani yanga we nda ri u mu vhudza a ri ndi khwiṋe a tshi ṱuwa na nṋe ra ya ra vhudza vhabebi vhanga.

Mukundi: Vhabebi vho zwi dzhiisa hani?

Murangi: Vho zwi ṱanganendza vha ntikedza lwe vha dovha vha isa phanḓa na u mpha fulufhelo vha ri tshihulwane ndi u vha na muya wa u ṱanganedza.

Mukundi: Musi muthu o ni sedza a zwi vhuyi zwa vhonala uri ni khou tshila na tshitzhili.

Murangi: Ee ndi tendelana na inwi. Ndi ḽesa mitshelo na miroho nda dovha hafhu nda ita nyonyoloso na u nwa dzilafho ḓuvha ḽiṅwe na ḽiṅwe u sa hangwi.

Mukundi: Ni nga ri mini u ṱuṱuwedza vhaṅwe vhaswa.

Murangi: Ndi zwa ndeme u ḓivha nyimele yau.

Mukundi: ndo livhuwa zwo vha zwavhuḓi u amba na inwi.

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